International Trade

This UPDATED post summarizes the situation as of late evening on Thursday, February 24, concerning current U.S. sanctions and export restrictions related to Russia and Ukraine. This supplements our post of late evening on Wednesday, February 23, which is available here.

As of late evening on Thursday, February 24, OFAC has taken the following additional actions, as follows:

Multiple additional banks were designated as SDNs.  Most prominently, OFAC designated VTB Bank Public Joint Stock Company (VTB Bank), which is reportedly Russia’s second-largest bank, along with 20 VTB Bank subsidiaries.  (Recall that any entity owned 50% or more by one or more SDN is itself an SDN, even if not specifically identified as an SDN.  In the case of a large entity such as VTB Bank, this means there may be many other entities affiliated with VTB Bank that are SDNs even though not identified on the SDN List).Continue Reading Russia, Ukraine: Update as of the Evening of February 24

Please note that this post has been updated with information as of late evening on Thursday, February 24. Click here for the latest updates.

This post is to summarize the situation as of late evening on Wednesday, February 23, concerning current U.S. sanctions and export restrictions related to Russia and Ukraine. It is important to note that these new measures add to the existing framework of restrictions that the United States has maintained beginning in 2014 when Russia first invaded the eastern part of Ukraine. In addition, the EU, the UK, and Canada – among others – are imposing restrictions, many of which are comparable to the restrictions imposed by the United States.

The situation is likely to change quickly – and almost certainly in the direction of greater restrictions. We will provide updated guidance as the situation progresses.Continue Reading Russia, Ukraine: Update as of the Evening of February 23

On December 23, 2021, the U.S. Department of the Treasury’s Office of Foreign Assets Control (OFAC) and TD Bank, N.A. (TD) reached a settlement to resolve TD’s violations of the North Korea Sanctions Regulations and the Foreign Narcotics Kingpin Sanctions Regulations.  On January 12, OFAC and Sojitz Hong Kong (Sojitz HK) reached a settlement agreement in connection with Sojitz’s violations of the Iranian Transaction and Sanction Regulations (ITSR).  These two resolutions, reached only a few weeks apart, serve as a reminder of OFAC’s broad remit to administer and enforce U.S. sanctions regulations.

TD Bank Violated North Korea and Narcotics Kingpin Sanctions

The United States maintains comprehensive sanctions on North Korea, and most transactions with the country and nationals of the country, wherever located, are prohibited without a license.  While a license authorizes banks in the United States to conduct certain transactions with the North Korean Mission to the United Nations, that license does not extend to maintaining accounts for employees of the North Korean Mission.

According to OFAC, TD processed 1,479 transactions and maintained nine accounts on behalf of five employees of the North Korean Mission without a license from OFAC.  OFAC noted that TD’s sanctions screening did not pick up individual employees of the government of North Korea.  OFAC also noted that TD employees apparently misclassified North Korean Mission personnel when processing passports by filling in the South Korean country code or leaving the citizenship identification field blank.Continue Reading OFAC Enforcement Update: Settlements Show Value of Internal Controls, Disclosure

I am looking forward to presenting at the 11th Annual U.S. Export & Re-Export Compliance for Canadian Operations Virtual Conference. The conference will take place January 26-27, 2022 with pre-conference workshops on January 25, 2022. I will be presenting with John Boscariol, Partner at McCarthy Tétrault LLP based in Toronto, Canada.

Our session, “Updating Your Risk-Based Economic Sanctions Compliance Program: The Latest U.S. and Canadian Restrictions, and Their Practical Impact,” will take you through the most critical economic sanctions developments and trends affecting exports and reexports. The discussion will focus on new, unanticipated pitfalls to avoid for 2022 and beyond.

  • Comparing and contrasting U.S. and Canadian sanctions-and their practical impact on export and reexport operations
  • The rapidly changing China landscape, and the impact on due diligence and supply chain risks
  • Impact of the PRC’s Foreign Anti-Sanctions Regulation and the new Blocking Statute
  • Performing due diligence amid the increased use of The Entity List
  • Iran: Status report and negotiations with Iran and what is on the horizon

Continue Reading [VIRTUAL EVENT] Updating Your Risk-Based Economic Sanctions Compliance Program: The Latest U.S. and Canadian Restrictions, and Their Practical Impact

In an article for Business Weekly Taiwan, I discussed the impact on Taiwan companies amid rising tensions between the United States and China. The U.S. Department of Commerce recently added China-based tech company Hunan Goke Microelectronics to the Entity List, one of the U.S. government lists that impose various levels of trade, travel, asset, and financial restrictions on overseas companies to help protect U.S. national security. Adding China-based companies to the Entity List or another restrictive trade list, often negatively impacts Taiwan companies who rely on trade with China.

As I recommend to Taiwan companies, it’s important to know your customer – it’s important to research fully to know the supply chain and end users of your products. I note that companies in China and anywhere, including the U.S., put a lot of their businesses on the website so you can see the types of activities that they’re engaged in. Company websites are a good starting point for researching companies and exercising due diligence.Continue Reading Impact on Taiwanese Companies Amid Trade Situation between United States and China

I recently co-authored an article for WorldECR with Scott Jones, a nonresident fellow at The Stimson Center, examining the history and current trajectory of the Entity List, part of the Export Administration Regulations (EAR) administered by the U.S. Bureau of Industry and Security (BIS) to help protect U.S. national security. In the article, we outline the history of the Entity List and discuss the need for a just and transparent removal mechanism.

We state that “since the 2008 change in scope to include national security and foreign policy concerns, the number of parties added to the Entity List has increased dramatically” from its original purpose of preventing the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction.  With the recent technology conflicts between the United States and China, we argue the Entity List has become the most convenient tool in the toolbox to further U.S. national security and foreign policy goals.Continue Reading History and Trajectory of the Entity List Related to National Security Concerns

On November 10, the U.S. Departments of State, Treasury, and Commerce issued an unusual joint advisory (the “advisory”) on the risk of investing and interacting with certain Cambodian individuals and entities. The advisory is evidence of the United States’ active campaign against corruption; the advisory also continues the recent U.S. practice of employing sanctions and other trade restrictions to fight corruption.

Specific Cambodian Sectors Designated as High Risk

In the advisory, the government identified the following Cambodian sectors as high risk:

  1. The financial, real estate, casino, and infrastructure sectors – deemed high risk because of illicit finance activities and related risks.
  2. The manufacturing and timber sectors of Cambodia – deemed high risk because of trafficking of persons, wildlife, narcotics, and related risks.

The advisory emphasizes that involvement, or potential involvement, of U.S. companies in any of those sectors could result in reputational, economic, and/or legal risk.Continue Reading U.S. Imposes Restrictions, Issues Warning on Business with Cambodia

The U.S. government continues to vigorously enforce U.S. export laws against both U.S. and non-U.S. companies. In addition to monetary penalties, companies charged with violating U.S. export laws may be subject to strict compliance obligations. In extreme cases, the U.S. government may even suspend a company’s export privileges.

In this webinar, we will discuss recent…

On October 12, the U.S. Commerce Department, Bureau of Industry and Security (BIS) announced that it imposed a civil penalty fine against VTA Telecom Corporation (VTA) for the unauthorized export of controlled commodities to Vietnam.  Additionally, BIS is requiring VTA to improve its export control compliance efforts and retain a Director of Trade Compliance.  Alternatively, VTA can dissolve or cease operations.

VTA, located in Milpitas, California, was established in 2013 as a subsidiary of a Vietnamese state-owned telecommunications company.  BIS is the primary U.S. government agency responsible for administering and enforcing export controls on commercial items that could support weapons proliferation and other threats to U.S. national security.

According to BIS, VTA procured and exported items from the United States to its parent company in Vietnam with knowledge that certain of those exports were intended to support a Vietnamese defense program. To settle the matter, VTA agreed to the following:

  1. A penalty of $1,869,372.
  2. Expenditure of $25,000 to fund its internal export compliance program (ICP).
  3. Hiring and retention of a Director of Trade Compliance to oversee VTA’s export activities for at least two years.

Continue Reading BIS Imposes Civil Fine and Compels Hiring of Compliance Official or Cease Operations

On September 28, the U.S. Commerce Department, Bureau of Industry and Security (BIS) announced that it has imposed a civil penalty fine and denial of export privileges against Vorago Technologies (Vorago) for the unauthorized export of controlled commodities to Russia.

Vorago is a U.S. manufacturer of integrated circuits for use in environments with high radiation levels and extreme temperatures.  The company’s products are particularly well suited for use in space.  BIS is the primary U.S. government agency that administers and enforces U.S. export controls on commercial items, including particularly strict licensing requirements on items that can be used with weapons of mass destruction or conventional weapons.

According to BIS, Vorago engaged in a conspiracy with a Russian company, Cosmos Complect (Cosmos), to circumvent U.S. export controls.  To settle the matter, Vorago agreed to the following:

  1. A penalty of $497,000, and
  2. Denial of export privileges until September 2023.

The denial of export privileges, and roughly half of the penalty, will be suspended as long as Vorago complies with the terms of the settlement.Continue Reading U.S. Technology Company Pays for Unauthorized Exports to Russia

From the Bass, Berry & Sims Blog Network
From the Bass, Berry & Sims Blog Network

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